[轉貼] 完成式與完成進行式的比較

claire165

完成式與完成進行式的比較
完成式與完成進行式的比較
一、完成式強調「動作或狀態的達成」，完成進行式強調「行為的持續」。
Someone has drunk the wine.　The bottle is empty.
有人喝光了酒。這瓶子空了。
Tom has been drinking.　湯姆一直在喝酒。
二、有時完成式與完成進行式沒有什麼差別，可換用。
I have lived in Taipei since 1980.
＝I have been living in Taipei since 1980.
自從1980年到現在我一直住在台北。
三、不可使用於進行式的動詞，也一樣不可用於完成進行式。
I have known him since I was a child.
I have been knowing him since I was a child.（錯誤）
Mary has loved John since she was in high school.
Mary has been loving John since she was in high school.（錯誤）
四、完成進行式常用於不久之前剛完成的動作，但其影響仍然存在。
I felt tired because I had been running all the way.
Your eyes are red. You have been crying, haven’t you?
    The streets are flooded because it has been raining hard.  
五、表示「次數」的句子，不可用完成進行式。
He has been writing four letters since this morning. (錯誤)
He has written four letters since this morning.
He had been trying five times to get her on the phone. (錯誤)
He had tried five times to get her on the phone.
By the end of this month he will have been climbing ten mountains.(錯誤)
By the end of this month he will have climbed ten mountains

[試題演練]
1. When I got home, my mother __________.
   (A) has cooked                          (B) had cooked  
   (C) had been cooking                  (D) has been cooking
2. When John got up this morning, it ______.
  (A) had rained                                  (B) is raining  
  (C) had been raining                  (D) has been raining
3. I ______ Paul for a long time.
  (A) had been knowing                  (B) am knowing
  (C) have known                                (D) have been knowing
4. It ______ for a week if it does not stop raining tomorrow.
  (A) has rained                                (B) has been raining
  (C) will have been raining     (D) had been raining


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jmschen 目前離線

UID2896 文章220 精華0 積分0 閱讀權限10 性別男 來自Kaohsiung, Taiwan 上線時間195 小時 註冊時間2009-5-17 最後登入2010-1-25   
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jmschen發表於 2009-11-25 09:33 | 只看該作者
1. When I got home, my mother __________.
   (A) has cooked                          (B) had cooked  
   (C) had been cooking                (D) has been cooking
答案：(C)
2. When John got up this morning, it ______.
  (A) had rained                            (B) is raining  
  (C) had been raining                  (D) has been raining
答案：（C）
3. I ______ Paul for a long time.
  (A) had been knowing                  (B) am knowing
  (C) have known                             (D) have been knowing
答案：（C）
4. It ______ for a week if it does not stop raining tomorrow.
  (A) has rained                       (B) has been raining
  (C) will have been raining     (D) had been raining
答案：（C）